The finder
Pick what you want to change. See who actually measured it.
Every other tool like this gives you a compound and a match score. Those scores are not measured. Ours does not exist. What you get instead is what was actually measured and where: trials in people first with the participant count, then the animal and cell work kept separate, then what people using it report, and the trials that found nothing, counted rather than dropped.
82 of the 444 compounds here have never been through a trial in people. That is worth knowing and it is not a verdict: a molecule nobody can patent has no sponsor to pay for a trial, so a thin human record is usually a fact about money rather than about the compound. Where that is the case, this says so and shows you what does exist.
What are you trying to change?
Pick as many as you like. The number on each one is how many people it has been measured in across the whole archive, so you can see where the evidence is before you choose.
Or start from the compounds
Somebody handed you a stack. What is actually known about it?
Add what you are looking at and you get every outcome those compounds have been measured for in people, and then the longer list of the ones they have not.
Cancer and tumours
What is the cancer signal, good or bad?
Kept deliberately as one outcome covering both directions, because a compound being trialled as a cancer treatment and a compound carrying a cancer warning both belong in front of you.
251,345 people · 20 human studies · 17 compounds
- 199,698 people1 study
The epidemiology that any page about giving people more IGF-1 has to state. 199,698 men in UK Biobank followed a mean of 6.9 years, 5,402 diagnosed with and 295 dying from prostate cancer. Higher circulating IGF-1 was associated with prostate cancer diagnosis (hazard ratio 1.09 per 5 nmol/L increment, 95 percent CI...
International Journal of Cancer, 2021 · 199,698 people
- 25,871 people1 study
VITAL. 25,871 participants randomised to 2,000 IU daily or placebo, median 5.3 years. Neither primary endpoint was met: no reduction in invasive cancer, no reduction in major cardiovascular events. Mean baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D was 30.8 ng/mL and only 12.7% of participants were below 20.
New England Journal of Medicine, 2019 · 25,871 people
- 12,537 people1 study
ORIGIN: 12,537 people with cardiovascular risk factors plus impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes randomised to insulin glargine or standard care, median 6.2 years. Cardiovascular outcomes were neutral (hazard ratio 1.02, 95 percent confidence interval 0.94 to 1.11). Severe...
New England Journal of Medicine, 2012 · 12,537 people
- 9,463 people1 study
9,463 adults aged 40 and over with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, 610 sites, 28 countries, randomised 1:1 to albiglutide 30 to 50 mg weekly or placebo, median follow-up 1.6 years. Primary composite (cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke): 338 of 4,731 (7 percent) against 428 of 4,732 (9...
Lancet, 2018 · 9,463 people
- 1,075 people1 study
1,075 postmenopausal women randomised to extract with 843 mg EGCG a day or placebo for one year. Adverse events 75.6 versus 72.8 percent; serious 2.2 versus 1.5 percent; more nausea and skin events on extract. ALT elevation in 36 (6.7 percent) versus 4 (0.7 percent), p < 0.001; 1.3 percent had ALT-related serious...
Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2015 · 1,075 people
- 1,075 people1 study
1,075 postmenopausal women randomised to an extract delivering 843 mg EGCG a day or placebo for one year. Alanine aminotransferase elevation in 36 women on extract (6.7 percent) against 4 on placebo (0.7 percent), p < 0.001, with 1.3 percent having an ALT-related serious adverse event. Overall adverse event rates were...
Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2015 · 1,075 people
- 513 people2 studies
The only randomised human data on glutaminase inhibition. 444 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Median progression-free survival 9.2 months with telaglenastat plus cabozantinib versus 9.3 months with placebo plus cabozantinib, hazard ratio 0.94, P = 0.65. Manufacturer funded. Oncology, not senescence.
JAMA Oncology, 2022 · 444 people
69 patients randomised 2:1. Median progression-free survival 3.8 months versus 1.9 months, hazard ratio 0.64, one-sided P = 0.079 against a pre-specified one-sided alpha below 0.2. Grade 3 to 4 events in 74 percent versus 61 percent. Manufacturer funded.
Clinical Cancer Research, 2022 · 69 people
- 513 people2 studies1 found nothing
found nothing444 patients randomised, double blind, placebo controlled. Median progression-free survival 9.2 versus 9.3 months, hazard ratio 0.94, 95 percent confidence interval 0.74 to 1.21, P = 0.65. Overall response 31 versus 28 percent. Grade 3 to 4 adverse events in 71 versus 79 percent. Manufacturer funded. The primary...
JAMA Oncology, 2022 · 444 people
69 patients randomised 2:1 after a median of three prior lines. Median progression-free survival 3.8 versus 1.9 months, hazard ratio 0.64, 95 percent confidence interval 0.34 to 1.20, one-sided P = 0.079 against a pre-specified one-sided alpha below 0.2. One partial response on telaglenastat. Grade 3 to 4 events 74...
Clinical Cancer Research, 2022 · 69 people
- 187 people1 study
187 patients with cancer cachexia and GDF15 of at least 1,500 pg/mL (40 percent non-small-cell lung, 32 percent pancreatic, 29 percent colorectal) randomised 1:1:1:1 to ponsegromab 100, 200 or 400 mg or placebo every 4 weeks for three doses. Median weight gain versus placebo at 12 weeks: 1.22 kg (95 percent credible...
New England Journal of Medicine, 2024 · 187 people
- 170 people1 study
170 adults randomised to placebo (n = 55) or one of three concentrations of broccoli sprout beverage for 10 consecutive days. Urinary benzene mercapturic acids rose significantly only in the high dose group, by 63.2 percent. The one half dose (+11.3 percent) and one fifth dose (-6.4 percent) were not significantly...
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2019 · 170 people
- 159 people1 study1 found nothing
found nothing159 patients with cancer and at least 2% weight loss, randomised to enobosarm 1 mg, 3 mg or placebo for up to 113 days. Total lean body mass rose significantly on both doses (median 1.5 kg on 1 mg, 1.0 kg on 3 mg) while placebo did not change. This is the Phase 2 trial that preceded the POWER Phase 3 program.
The Lancet Oncology, 2013 · 159 people
- 46 people1 study
46 women with platinum-resistant high-grade serous ovarian cancer, median four prior lines, single-arm. Three-month progression-free survival 22.7 percent, median progression-free survival 1.64 months, one partial response and 15 stable diseases. Grade 3 or 4 thrombocytopenia in 12 of 46, causing dose reduction in 8...
Gynecologic Oncology, 2022 · 46 people
- 38 people2 studies
20 people with metastatic sarcoma received 20 mg subcutaneously daily. Median progression-free survival 2.7 months (95 percent confidence interval 1.4 to 4.1) and median overall survival 10.2 months (5.3 to 18.3). The placental growth factor biomarker effect seen in phase 1 was not confirmed. Two people with vascular...
Sarcoma, 2016 · 20 people
18 adults with advanced solid tumours received escalating subcutaneous doses daily for 5 days on a 3 week cycle. Dose-limiting toxicities at 700 micrograms per kilogram were a grade 4 stroke and a grade 3 reversible cranial neuropathy. One patient had a 19 percent tumour reduction and 3 more had disease stabilisation...
Clinical Cancer Research, 2009 · 18 people
- no headcount stated1 study
Academic phase 2 in head and neck cancer, 17 enrolled, terminated. Reason recorded by the sponsor: unmet primary endpoint.
ClinicalTrials.gov, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, 2020 · no headcount in the line
- no headcount stated1 study
The CLARINET randomised phase 3 in metastatic enteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours, showing prolonged progression-free survival on lanreotide. A hard clinical endpoint in a randomised trial, which very few peptides documented on this site can claim.
New England Journal of Medicine, 2014 · no headcount in the line
- no headcount stated1 study
A randomised phase 3 trial in breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant radiotherapy, reporting prevention of dysphagia. A real randomised result with a symptom endpoint that matters to patients, in a specific population receiving a specific mucosal insult.
The Breast Journal, 2020 · no headcount in the line
- no headcount stated1 study
The five-year follow-up of the same myelofibrosis trial, reporting durability of spleen response and long-term safety in that population. Still a cancer population, still no ageing endpoint.
Journal of Hematology and Oncology, 2017 · no headcount in the line
- no headcount stated0 studies
Azoxymethane-induced colon cancer in wild-type and PPAR-beta/delta-null mice. GW0742 had inhibitory effects on colon carcinogenesis, acting through mechanisms independent of COX2 inhibition. Mouse work, and it points opposite to the class cancer fear.
Carcinogenesis, 2008 · no headcount in the line
found nothingGW0742 and GW501516 tested in five human cancer cell lines with and without serum. Neither increased cell growth, Akt phosphorylation, VEGF or COX2, and liver, colon and colon polyps from treated mice showed no change in these markers either. A published argument against the tumour-promotion hypothesis for this class.
Carcinogenesis, 2007 · no headcount in the line
- no headcount stated0 studies
Human cell lines and mouse xenografts. DT2216 was less toxic to platelets than ABT-263 in vitro, more potent against BCL-xL-dependent cancer cells, and inhibited xenograft tumour growth in mice without appreciable thrombocytopenia. The design rationale is that VHL is poorly expressed in platelets.
Nature Medicine, 2019 · no headcount in the line
Cells and mice. Activity against BCL-xL-dependent T cell lymphoma models, extending the preclinical case for selective degradation over inhibition.
Journal of Hematology and Oncology, 2020 · no headcount in the line
- no headcount stated0 studies
Mouse, from the Yamada and Yamanaka laboratories. Transient expression of reprogramming factors followed by doxycycline withdrawal produced tumours in various tissues, consisting of undifferentiated dysplastic cells with global DNA methylation changes. Kidney tumours shared characteristics with Wilms tumour. Stem...
Cell, 2014 · no headcount in the line
- no headcount stated0 studies
Comparative analysis of naked mole rat and human plasma. Naked mole rat plasma carried A2M at 8.3 plus or minus 0.44 mg/mL versus 4.4 plus or minus 0.20 mg/mL in human plasma, with lower total plasma protein (38.7 versus 61.7 mg/mL), higher antitryptic activity, lower proteolytic activity, and a different predicted...
PLoS One, 2015 · no headcount in the line
- no headcount stated0 studies
Mouse. Genetic or senolytic ablation of senescent cells, or macrophage depletion, reduced tumour burden and increased survival in KRAS-driven lung cancer models. Macrophages with senescent features were also found in human pre-malignant lung lesions, an observation rather than an intervention.
Cancer Cell, 2023 · no headcount in the line
- no headcount stated0 studies
- no headcount stated0 studies
How this is counted
Human studies only. Animal and test-tube work never enters this ranking, because the question you asked was about a person.
A compound is listed for an outcome only when a citation on its own page states that outcome and reports a result for it. Naming it is not enough: a paper that measures testosterone and reports a result about something else does not count as testosterone evidence, which is a mistake this tool made on its first run and no longer makes.
People counts are read out of the study lines themselves and are deliberate undercounts. Where a line states no number, the study still counts as a study and adds nothing to the headcount. Counts are never added across compounds, because the same person can appear in more than one trial.
Ranking is by people measured. That is a fact about the evidence, not a judgement about the compound, and it is the only ordering this site will defend. A compound at the top of a list is the most studied, which is not the same as the best.
Nothing here is advice, and nothing here is a recommendation to take anything.