Semaglutide (GLP-1 receptor agonist)
Semaglutide
Semaglutide has a huge record of human trials.
The catalogue
The world's largest consumer peptide reference. Human studies, real prices, and a full longevity toolkit in one place. 453 compounds. 1,043 human studies.
72 have no study of that compound in people yet. 222 peptides and blends show first.
Sorted by how many people were measured, not by a match score. Strong means at least two finished studies in people, with at least a thousand people who took it. The word is a count, not a rating of whether something works. Compounds are not ranked against each other. What people report is counted on its own and never added into the band.
Most studiedBy useBy categoryBPC-157 dosageSemaglutide dosage
Plate 02
Evidence catalogue
Drawers into one record
453
Compounds
1,043
Studies in people
72
No human study
How the band is counted
A molecule nobody can patent has few studies in people, because nobody will pay for the study. How we count.
Peptides and blends with the most evidence in people. They are sorted by evidence band, then by how many studies in people are cited. The band counts what has been tested in people. It does not say a compound works. Compounds are not ranked against each other.
Semaglutide (GLP-1 receptor agonist)
Semaglutide has a huge record of human trials.
Retatrutide (triple GLP-1/GIP/glucagon agonist)
As of September 2026, almost everything published on retatrutide comes from mid-stage trials.
Tirzepatide (dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist)
Tirzepatide has been tested in tens of thousands of people.
Cotadutide (MEDI0382), GLP-1 and glucagon receptor dual agonist
A large mid-stage record and no final-stage study.
Insulin (human regular insulin and the analogues)
The deepest record of any peptide on this site.
Melanotan II (melanocortin receptor agonist)
Melanotan II has almost no controlled human data for what people buy it for.
Tesamorelin (stabilized GHRH analogue)
Tesamorelin is one of the few drugs that boost growth hormone to go all the way through the large trials needed for approval.
Thymosin Beta-4 (TB4)
Thymosin beta 4's real record in people is eye drops, and they mostly failed.
Rapastinel (GLYX-13), intravenous NMDA receptor glycine site partial agonist tetrapeptide
A lot of people.
Survodutide (GLP-1 / glucagon dual agonist)
Survodutide has a large, standard drug company record in people.
Taspoglutide (R1583, BIM-51077), once-weekly GLP-1 receptor agonist, development halted in phase 3
A large final-stage programme.
B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and nesiritide (Natrecor), the recombinant drug
The record is unusually complete, and mostly negative.
Goals that already have a page on this site. A compound shows up when its research areas match that goal. These cards are the first ones listed for the goal, with featured names first. The goal page lists every match and what was measured.
174 on the goal page. 6 shown here.
Semaglutide (GLP-1 receptor agonist)
Semaglutide has a huge record of human trials.
Tirzepatide (dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist)
Tirzepatide has been tested in tens of thousands of people.
Retatrutide (triple GLP-1/GIP/glucagon agonist)
As of September 2026, almost everything published on retatrutide comes from mid-stage trials.
Cagrilintide (long-acting amylin receptor agonist)
Nearly everyone who has taken cagrilintide took it as half of a combination with semaglutide.
Orforglipron (Foundayo, oral non-peptide GLP-1 agonist)
Orforglipron is by far the most tested compound in this group.
Liraglutide (GLP-1 receptor agonist)
Liraglutide has a deep record of human trials: a heart trial in 9,340 patients, four weight-loss trials, a three-year trial on preventing diabetes an…
82 on the goal page. 6 shown here.
Tesamorelin (stabilized GHRH analogue)
Tesamorelin is one of the few drugs that boost growth hormone to go all the way through the large trials needed for approval.
CJC-1295 and Ipamorelin blend (GHRH analogue plus ghrelin mimetic)
There is human evidence for CJC-1295 alone, and for ipamorelin alone.
Ipamorelin Acetate
Ipamorelin's only published human trial of a benefit missed its goal.
Creatine monohydrate
Huge.
Testosterone, the principal androgen
Some of the best proof on this site.
Ibutamoren (oral ghrelin receptor agonist)
A daily pill that raises growth hormone and IGF-1.
94 on the goal page. 6 shown here.
Semax (synthetic ACTH 4-10 analogue)
Semax has real studies in people, and almost all of them are Russian.
Selank (synthetic tuftsin analogue)
Selank has been tested in 192 people across three published studies.
N-(2-adamantyl)-N-(para-bromophenyl)amine
There are real human studies with a dummy-pill comparison.
Cerebrolysin (porcine brain-derived neuropeptides)
Cerebrolysin has been used in hospitals for decades and has many trials behind it.
Dihexa (angiotensin IV analogue)
An experimental peptide made from angiotensin, a blood pressure hormone.
P21 (P021, CNTF-derived peptide)
No person has ever been given P21.
170 on the goal page. 6 shown here.
Rapamycin (Sirolimus, mTOR inhibitor)
Two small studies of rapamycin itself in older adults, plus a flu shot study of a related drug.
Metformin hydrochloride (biguanide)
Huge for diabetes, almost none for ageing.
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide
One study in people, and it measured blood chemistry, not benefit.
Nicotinamide Mononucleotide
NAD in the blood goes up.
Epitalon (Epithalon, pineal tetrapeptide)
There is human data on Epitalon and its parent pineal extract, Epithalamin, going back decades.
Mitochondrial ORF of the 12S rRNA type-c
Nobody has published a study giving MOTS-c to people as a drug.
72 on the goal page. 6 shown here.
Body Protection Compound 157
Five published studies have given BPC-157 to people, with fewer than 110 people in all.
TB-500 (N-acetylated thymosin beta-4 fragment 17 to 23, Ac-LKKTETQ)
No published study has given TB-500 to a person.
Copper Tripeptide-1 (GHK-Cu)
GHK-Cu has been used on more than 20,000 people in published studies.
KPV (lysine-proline-valine, alpha-MSH fragment)
There is no evidence in people for KPV.
Wolverine (BPC-157 + TB-500)
None for the pair.
Thymosin Beta-4 (TB4)
Thymosin beta 4's real record in people is eye drops, and they mostly failed.
105 on the goal page. 6 shown here.
Testosterone, the principal androgen
Some of the best proof on this site.
Testosterone cypionate, long-chain injectable ester
Decades of approved use, and it is well known how the drug moves through the body.
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
An FDA-approved hormone used in fertility, and to keep the testicles working in men on testosterone.
Gonadorelin (synthetic GnRH)
Gonadorelin has a solid record in people for one job.
Sermorelin (GHRH 1-29 analogue)
Sermorelin was an approved drug and has real trial data.
Tesamorelin (stabilized GHRH analogue)
Tesamorelin is one of the few drugs that boost growth hormone to go all the way through the large trials needed for approval.
69 on the goal page. 6 shown here.
Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA)
A very large set of human studies, with results that depend on the dose and the product.
Nattokinase (Subtilisin NAT)
Nattokinase has more human data than almost anything else on this site.
Nicotinic acid, niacin, the acid form of vitamin B3
By far the biggest body of human evidence of anything in the NAD pathway.
Coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone and ubiquinol)
One strong study in a specific group of sick people, and a clear failure for the most common reason people take it.
Empagliflozin (sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor)
Strong for heart, kidney and blood sugar disease.
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), and carperitide as the recombinant form
There is a lot of human dosing experience.
63 on the goal page. 6 shown here.
Thymosin Alpha-1 (Thymalfasin)
Thymosin alpha-1 has been given to thousands of people in controlled trials.
LL-37 (human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide)
LL-37 has been given to people in two trials for leg ulcers caused by poor vein circulation.
KPV (lysine-proline-valine, alpha-MSH fragment)
There is no evidence in people for KPV.
Thymalin (thymic peptide bioregulator)
Thymalin has more human use behind it than almost any compound on this site that no Western regulator has ever reviewed.
Glutathione (GSH, gamma-glutamyl-cysteinyl-glycine)
The body's main antioxidant inside cells, made of three amino acids.
Thymosin alpha-1 with KPV and LL-37 (immune and gut blend)
One ingredient has a large final-stage study that found no benefit.
44 on the goal page. 6 shown here.
Copper Tripeptide-1 (GHK-Cu)
GHK-Cu has been used on more than 20,000 people in published studies.
Acetyl Hexapeptide-8 (Argireline)
Argireline has been tested in six small studies in people.
Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4 (Matrixyl)
There are two studies in people.
Acetyl Octapeptide-3 (SNAP-8)
No study has tested SNAP-8 on its own in people.
Melanotan II (melanocortin receptor agonist)
Melanotan II has almost no controlled human data for what people buy it for.
GLOW (GHK-Cu + BPC-157 + TB-500)
None for the mix.
26 on the goal page. 6 shown here.
Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3)
One of the biggest sets of human studies for any supplement, from tens of thousands of people in several countries.
Zoledronic acid, an intravenous nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate
Zoledronic acid has a lot of human data from proper studies, all gathered to answer a question about bones.
Body Protection Compound 157
Five published studies have given BPC-157 to people, with fewer than 110 people in all.
Teriparatide (parathyroid hormone 1-34)
An FDA-approved bone-building shot.
Creatine monohydrate
Huge.
Abaloparatide (PTHrP analogue)
An FDA-approved bone-building shot for women past menopause with bone thinning.
16 on the goal page. 6 shown here.
Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide
DSIP has been given to people in small studies published between 1981 and 1998, always into a vein.
Magnesium (various salts)
Plenty of human studies for blood pressure and blood sugar, with small effects.
Epitalon (Epithalon, pineal tetrapeptide)
There is human data on Epitalon and its parent pineal extract, Epithalamin, going back decades.
Ibutamoren (oral ghrelin receptor agonist)
A daily pill that raises growth hormone and IGF-1.
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine)
There is evidence of a small effect on sleep.
Delta sleep-inducing peptide with selank and epitalon (sleep blend)
The sleep evidence is two studies from the 1980s, for one ingredient.
41 on the goal page. 6 shown here.
Body Protection Compound 157
Five published studies have given BPC-157 to people, with fewer than 110 people in all.
KPV (lysine-proline-valine, alpha-MSH fragment)
There is no evidence in people for KPV.
Larazotide Acetate (AT-1001)
A gut barrier peptide for celiac disease that is still being tested.
Berberine hydrochloride
The biggest set of human studies of any blood sugar supplement on this site.
Glepaglutide (ZP1848), long-acting GLP-2 receptor agonist
One large study of 106 people over 24 weeks against a dummy injection.
Teduglutide (GLP-2 analogue)
An FDA-approved shot that helps the gut grow in short bowel syndrome, so people need less feeding through a vein.
Every peptide and blend in the default view, grouped by its category. Pick everything in the filters to add supplements, drugs and hormones.
8 in this view
Epitalon (Epithalon, pineal tetrapeptide)
There is human data on Epitalon and its parent pineal extract, Epithalamin, going back decades.
Elamipretide (SS-31, mitochondrial-targeted peptide)
Elamipretide has a large, well-reported record in people, and most of it is negative.
FOXO4-DRI (senolytic peptide)
No person has been given FOXO4-DRI.
Endoluten, retail pineal peptide complex capsule
There is human data in this family, and none of it used Endoluten.
Cartalax (Ala-Glu-Asp), cartilage peptide bioregulator
No study of Cartalax in people has been found.
Ovagen, marketed liver and gastrointestinal peptide bioregulator
There is no evidence in people for Ovagen, and none in animals either.
Vilon (Lys-Glu dipeptide bioregulator)
A tiny lab-made peptide from Khavinson's group, studied for the immune system and ageing.
Cardiogen (Ala-Glu-Asp-Arg peptide bioregulator)
A lab-made peptide from Russian research, aimed at the heart and blood vessels as they age.
1 in this view
10 in this view
Acetyl Hexapeptide-8 (Argireline)
Argireline has been tested in six small studies in people.
Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4 (Matrixyl)
There are two studies in people.
GLOW (GHK-Cu + BPC-157 + TB-500)
None for the mix.
AHK-Cu with GHK-Cu (topical copper peptide pair)
One ingredient has one small skin study that failed.
Topical GHK-Cu with zinc thymulin scalp serum
No proper study of either ingredient for hair growth in people, and none of the mix.
GLOW oral capsules (GHK-Cu + BPC-157 + TB-500 with hyaluronic acid)
None for the capsule, none for the mix, and none for any of the three peptides taken by mouth.
Acetyl Octapeptide-3 (SNAP-8)
No study has tested SNAP-8 on its own in people.
Acetyl hexapeptide-8 with palmitoyl peptides and acetyl octapeptide-3 (topical serum)
One of the three has a proper study in people.
AHK-Cu (alanine-histidine-lysine copper)
AHK-Cu is a copper peptide sold as the hair growth cousin of GHK-Cu.
PTD-DBM (protein transduction domain, Dishevelled-binding motif)
PTD-DBM is a peptide you put on the scalp.
23 in this view
Tesamorelin (stabilized GHRH analogue)
Tesamorelin is one of the few drugs that boost growth hormone to go all the way through the large trials needed for approval.
Tesamorelin and Ipamorelin blend (approved GHRH analogue plus ghrelin mimetic)
One half of this blend has some of the strongest human evidence in this database.
Hexarelin (growth hormone secretagogue)
Hexarelin was given to people in a string of small hormone studies in the 1990s.
CJC-1295 (with DAC) with ipamorelin and GHRP-2
No study of the three together.
Pralmorelin (Growth Hormone Releasing Peptide 2)
GHRP-2 is approved in Japan as a one-dose test for growth hormone problems, and that is where the solid human data sit.
Ipamorelin Acetate
Ipamorelin's only published human trial of a benefit missed its goal.
Sermorelin (GHRH 1-29 analogue)
Sermorelin was an approved drug and has real trial data.
Sermorelin acetate with ipamorelin
The pair has no study.
MK-677 (ibutamoren) with ipamorelin, run as one protocol
Each one has been studied alone.
Growth Hormone Releasing Peptide 6
GHRP-6 has been given to people in published studies since 1990.
Mecasermin (Increlex), recombinant human IGF-1
A good deal of evidence in people, in one rare condition.
Sermorelin combined with GHRP-2 or GHRP-6 (compounding pharmacy growth hormone blend)
This is the one blend in this group where the pairing has been given to people and measured.
CJC-1295 (GHRH analogue)
CJC-1295 has real data in people, and all of it is about hormone levels in healthy volunteers.
Sermorelin with GHRP-2 and GHRP-6 (compounded triple blend)
No study of the triple.
CJC-1295 and Ipamorelin blend (GHRH analogue plus ghrelin mimetic)
There is human evidence for CJC-1295 alone, and for ipamorelin alone.
CJC-1295 (no DAC) with GHRP-2
People have been given these two kinds of drugs together, and the pair worked on growth hormone.
CJC-1295 (no DAC) with GHRP-6
Nobody has studied the pair.
Ghrelin (endogenous growth hormone secretagogue)
The body's own hunger hormone.
Modified GRF 1-29, tetrasubstituted human growth hormone releasing factor 1-29
None for this compound.
Vosoritide (Voxzogo), C-type natriuretic peptide analogue
A final-stage trial, with a dummy shot for comparison and nobody knowing who got what, showed children grew faster.
Long R3 Insulin-like Growth Factor 1
There is no evidence in people for IGF-1 LR3.
Growth Hormone Releasing Peptide 1
One of the first lab-made peptides that make the body release growth hormone.
Somatostatin (growth hormone inhibiting hormone)
The body's natural off switch for growth hormone.
22 in this view
Thymosin Beta-4 (TB4)
Thymosin beta 4's real record in people is eye drops, and they mostly failed.
Plecanatide (Trulance), uroguanylin analogue and guanylate cyclase-C agonist
A finished set of final-stage studies in long-term constipation and in IBS with constipation.
Melittin, the principal pore forming peptide of honey bee (Apis mellifera) venom
For melittin on its own: one study, where it was injected into forearms to cause pain.
Risuteganib (ALG-1001, Luminate), intravitreal integrin regulating peptide
About 435 people have had risuteganib injected into the eye across six early and mid-stage studies between 2012 and 2019.
Larazotide Acetate (AT-1001)
A gut barrier peptide for celiac disease that is still being tested.
Body Protection Compound 157
Five published studies have given BPC-157 to people, with fewer than 110 people in all.
Copper Tripeptide-1 (GHK-Cu)
GHK-Cu has been used on more than 20,000 people in published studies.
Cibinetide (ARA-290)
ARA-290, also called cibinetide, has been through a handful of small trials with a dummy treatment, from 9 to 64 people each.
Apraglutide (FE 203799), once-weekly GLP-2 analogue
Two published studies in short bowel syndrome with gut failure.
KLOW (GHK-Cu + KPV + BPC-157 + TB-500)
None for the mix, and no registered study of it.
Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide
A signalling peptide with wide effects on the immune system, swelling and blood flow.
Linaclotide (Linzess), guanylate cyclase-C agonist
Several final-stage trials back two adult uses and one use in children.
Quad healing blend (TB-500 + BPC-157 + KPV + GHK-Cu, low copper ratio)
None for any mix of these four peptides.
TB-500 (N-acetylated thymosin beta-4 fragment 17 to 23, Ac-LKKTETQ)
No published study has given TB-500 to a person.
Wolverine (BPC-157 + TB-500)
None for the pair.
N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (thymosin beta-4 fragment 1-4)
Ac-SDKP is the first four building blocks of thymosin beta-4.
B7-33, single-chain relaxin analog
B7-33 is a simpler, lab-made version of the hormone relaxin.
BPC-157 with KPV (gut and inflammation blend)
None for the pair.
Deadpool blend (BPC-157 + TB-500 + KPV)
None for the mix.
KPV (lysine-proline-valine, alpha-MSH fragment)
There is no evidence in people for KPV.
Pentadeca arginate with TB-500
None for the blend, none for PDA under its own name, and none for the TB-500 piece in the other half.
Pentadeca Arginate (PDA, pentadecapeptide arginate)
Nothing has been measured under this name, in people or in any animal.
27 in this view
B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and nesiritide (Natrecor), the recombinant drug
The record is unusually complete, and mostly negative.
Triptorelin (Trelstar, Triptodur, Decapeptyl), GnRH receptor agonist
Big and steady on hormone suppression.
Relaxin-2, and serelaxin as its recombinant form
Two large final-stage trials in sudden heart failure, with almost 7,700 people between them.
Rusfertide (PTG-300), synthetic cyclic peptide hepcidin mimetic
One large final-stage study of 293 people against a dummy injection (VERIFY, 32 weeks, so far reported only on the FDA label).
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), and carperitide as the recombinant form
There is a lot of human dosing experience.
Angiotensin II (Giapreza, LJPC-501)
One large study in 344 very sick adults, compared with a dummy drip.
Icatibant (Firazyr), bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist
Strong for the approved use, and clearly mixed outside it.
Kisspeptin-54, the 54 residue KISS1 gene product
Plenty of controlled human studies, almost all about fertility hormones.
Degarelix (Firmagon), GnRH receptor antagonist
One large study showing it pushes testosterone down as well as leuprolide, faster and with no flare.
Gonadorelin (synthetic GnRH)
Gonadorelin has a solid record in people for one job.
Abaloparatide (PTHrP analogue)
An FDA-approved bone-building shot for women past menopause with bone thinning.
Cetrorelix (GnRH antagonist)
An FDA-approved drug used in fertility treatment to stop ovulation from happening too early.
Desmopressin (DDAVP, vasopressin analogue)
An FDA-approved copy of vasopressin for diabetes insipidus, bedwetting and some bleeding disorders.
Leuprolide (GnRH agonist)
A prescription medicine, not a research peptide.
Octreotide (somatostatin analogue)
An FDA-approved, long-lasting copy of somatostatin, used for acromegaly and hormone-making tumors.
Oxytocin
A natural hormone that is FDA-approved to help with childbirth.
Teriparatide (parathyroid hormone 1-34)
An FDA-approved bone-building shot.
Vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone, AVP)
The natural hormone that makes you hold on to water.
Kisspeptin-10
Kisspeptin-10 has been given to people in body chemistry experiments, not treatment trials.
Angiotensin-(1-7), the Mas receptor arm of the renin-angiotensin system
People have been given this peptide in at least four published studies, plus a set of small registered studies.
Bradykinin, the kinin system mediator
There is real human data on bradykinin, and none of it is about giving it as a treatment.
Lanreotide (Somatuline), long-acting somatostatin analogue
A big record as an approved drug for three uses, anchored by a large final-stage trial that tracked how long tumours went without growing.
Multi-ester testosterone blends (four-ester and similar preparations)
Long use in countries where these are licensed.
Goserelin (GnRH agonist)
A prescription medicine, not a research peptide.
Navepegritide (TransCon CNP, Yuviwel)
A weekly shot that slowly releases C-type natriuretic peptide, or CNP.
Osteocalcin, bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein (BGLAP), including undercarboxylated osteocalcin
All the human data are measurements or genetics.
Calcitonin (salmon calcitonin)
A hormone that lowers blood calcium.
13 in this view
Pegcetacoplan (Empaveli, Syfovre), PEGylated cyclic peptide complement C3 inhibitor
Two finished sets of final-stage studies, in two unrelated diseases.
Thymosin Alpha-1 (Thymalfasin)
Thymosin alpha-1 has been given to thousands of people in controlled trials.
Thymosin alpha-1 with KPV and LL-37 (immune and gut blend)
One ingredient has a large final-stage study that found no benefit.
IO102-IO103, two peptide immune modulatory cancer vaccine targeting IDO1 and PD-L1 expressing cells
A lot for a test vaccine.
Thymalin (thymic peptide bioregulator)
Thymalin has more human use behind it than almost any compound on this site that no Western regulator has ever reviewed.
LL-37 (human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide)
LL-37 has been given to people in two trials for leg ulcers caused by poor vein circulation.
Thymopentin (TP-5, thymopoietin fragment)
A five-part piece of a thymus hormone, used in some countries to tune the immune system.
Icotrokinra (oral IL-23 receptor targeting peptide)
Strong, and unusually complete for a newly approved drug.
Thymogen (Glu-Trp dipeptide)
A tiny lab-made immune peptide from thymus research, used in Russia to support the immune system.
Bronchogen (Ala-Glu-Asp-Leu, AEDL)
Bronchogen is a four building block peptide from Khavinson's institute, sold for lung health.
Chonluten (Glu-Asp-Gly, EDG)
Chonluten is a three building block peptide from Khavinson's institute, sold for lung and gut lining health.
PNC-27, p53-derived membrane-active peptide
PNC-27 is a peptide that bursts cancer cells in a dish.
Thymulin (zinc-dependent thymic hormone)
A thymus hormone that needs zinc to work.
9 in this view
Thymalin with epitalon or epithalamin (Khavinson bioregulator protocol)
There is a real study of the pair with amazing numbers.
Mitochondrial ORF of the 12S rRNA type-c
Nobody has published a study giving MOTS-c to people as a drug.
Humanin (mitochondrial-derived peptide)
No published study has given humanin, or a drug based on it, to a person.
Injectable NAD+ blended with vitamin B12 and sometimes B6
There is real human evidence for fixing a B12 shortage.
NAD+ with glutathione (clinic infusion or injection protocol)
One ingredient raises a blood number.
SHLP2, small humanin-like peptide 2
Measuring only.
SS-31 with TB-500 and MOTS-c (Mitochondrial+ blend vial)
The smallest ingredient by weight is the only one with a study in people, and that study failed its main test.
MOTS-c with SS-31 (elamipretide) mitochondrial blend
One ingredient failed its large final-stage study, with hints of benefit in rare genetic groups.
Livagen (Lys-Glu-Asp-Ala, KEDA)
Livagen is a four building block peptide from Khavinson's institute, sold for liver and gut health.
8 in this view
Melanotan II (melanocortin receptor agonist)
Melanotan II has almost no controlled human data for what people buy it for.
Bremelanotide (melanocortin receptor agonist)
Bremelanotide (PT-141) has a well-recorded safety record: 3,500 people across 43 finished studies.
Afamelanotide (Melanotan I)
Afamelanotide, the approved form of Melanotan I, has the strongest record in people of any compound in this group.
Melanotan II with bremelanotide (PT-141)
Each drug has studies in people.
Bremelanotide (PT-141) with oxytocin acetate
One half is an approved drug with two large studies.
Setmelanotide (MC4R agonist)
An FDA-approved shot for rare genetic types of obesity, where a broken gene stops the brain from feeling full.
PL8177, oral MC1R agonist peptide
Palatin's peptide pill that switches on MC1R, for ulcerative colitis.
Alpha-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone
The natural hormone behind skin colour, appetite and swelling.
69 in this view
Semaglutide (GLP-1 receptor agonist)
Semaglutide has a huge record of human trials.
Retatrutide (triple GLP-1/GIP/glucagon agonist)
As of September 2026, almost everything published on retatrutide comes from mid-stage trials.
Tirzepatide (dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist)
Tirzepatide has been tested in tens of thousands of people.
Cotadutide (MEDI0382), GLP-1 and glucagon receptor dual agonist
A large mid-stage record and no final-stage study.
Insulin (human regular insulin and the analogues)
The deepest record of any peptide on this site.
Survodutide (GLP-1 / glucagon dual agonist)
Survodutide has a large, standard drug company record in people.
Taspoglutide (R1583, BIM-51077), once-weekly GLP-1 receptor agonist, development halted in phase 3
A large final-stage programme.
CagriSema (cagrilintide + semaglutide)
CagriSema has large final-stage trial data for a drug that is not yet approved.
Liraglutide (GLP-1 receptor agonist)
Liraglutide has a deep record of human trials: a heart trial in 9,340 patients, four weight-loss trials, a three-year trial on preventing diabetes an…
Cagrilintide (long-acting amylin receptor agonist)
Nearly everyone who has taken cagrilintide took it as half of a combination with semaglutide.
Mazdutide (GLP-1 / glucagon dual agonist)
Mazdutide has finished its large final-stage trials and has two approvals.
Retatrutide with cagrilintide (grey-market blend)
Each drug has early-stage data in people on its own.
Grey-market semaglutide with cagrilintide blend
This pair has its own large final-stage study in people.
Enlicitide decanoate (oral macrocyclic peptide PCSK9 inhibitor)
Large and recent.
VK2735 (dual GLP-1 / GIP agonist)
An experimental weekly shot from Viking Therapeutics that works on two appetite signals, GLP-1 and GIP.
Exenatide (GLP-1 receptor agonist)
The first approved drug in the GLP-1 family.
Lixisenatide (GLP-1 receptor agonist)
An FDA-approved daily shot for type 2 diabetes in the GLP-1 family.
Glepaglutide (ZP1848), long-acting GLP-2 receptor agonist
One large study of 106 people over 24 weeks against a dummy injection.
Bofanglutide, long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist (development code GZR18)
Two mid-stage studies are published.
Polyethylene glycol loxenatide, PEGylated exendin-4 analogue
Two large studies at many hospitals, with a dummy-shot group and nobody knowing who got what.
Pramlintide (amylin analogue)
The only amylin drug ever approved for diabetes.
Visepegenatide, PEGylated exenatide for once-weekly injection (development code PB-119)
One published large final-stage study with a dummy-shot group, in 273 Chinese adults on no diabetes drug yet.
Amycretin (unimolecular GLP-1 / amylin agonist)
Novo Nordisk's single drug that works on both GLP-1 and amylin, a fullness hormone.
Beinaglutide, recombinant human GLP-1 (7-36) amide
A 427-person final-stage study for weight loss where nobody knew who got the drug.
Ecnoglutide (long-acting GLP-1 agonist)
A long-acting GLP-1 shot, approved in China in 2026 for type 2 diabetes and weight loss.
Efinopegdutide (MK-6024), GLP-1 and glucagon receptor dual agonist
One head-to-head study against another drug, which is a stronger design than most drugs have at this stage.
NNC0165-1875 (PYY1875), long-acting PYY(3-36) analogue
A first study in people and a mid-stage trial are done, and both were published together with the rat work.
NNC0480-0389, long-acting GIP receptor agonist
A registered early and mid-stage programme with no published results.
Amylin (islet amyloid polypeptide)
Deep for the copies, almost nothing for the hormone itself.
Efocipegtrutide (HM15211, GLP-1/GIP/glucagon triple agonist)
An experimental shot that works on three signals, GLP-1, GIP and glucagon.
Glucagon (pancreatic hormone)
The hormone that raises blood sugar.
Petrelintide (long-acting amylin analogue)
A once a week shot from Zealand and Roche that copies amylin, a fullness hormone.
CT-868, once-daily biased dual GLP-1 and GIP receptor agonist
One published mid-stage study in 103 adults with type 2 diabetes who were also overweight or obese.
Apelin (endogenous ligand of the APJ receptor; apelin-36, apelin-17 and pyroglutamated apelin-13)
Short drip studies in about 50 people across two published Edinburgh papers.
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide
Lots of studies of how the body handles it, and no treatment trials.
Oxyntomodulin (glucagon-37)
Small, old and real.
Berobenatide (MET-097i, PF-08653944)
A very long-lasting GLP-1 shot, built to be given once a month.
BGM1812, dual amylin and calcitonin receptor agonist
None published.
Eloralintide (LY3841136)
Lilly's weekly shot that copies amylin, a fullness hormone.
Enicepatide (CT-388, RO7795068)
Roche's weekly shot that works on GLP-1 and GIP.
Pemvidutide (GLP-1 / glucagon dual agonist)
An experimental weekly shot from Altimmune that works on GLP-1 and glucagon.
Peptide YY (PYY, including the circulating fragment PYY3-36)
A handful of small studies gave PYY by drip and measured eating over a few hours.
Ribupatide (HRS9531, KAI-9531)
A weekly shot that works on GLP-1 and GIP, like tirzepatide.
Teduglutide (GLP-2 analogue)
An FDA-approved shot that helps the gut grow in short bowel syndrome, so people need less feeding through a vein.
AT673, GIP receptor antagonist
No published human data for this drug.
AZD6234, long-acting amylin analog
AstraZeneca's weekly amylin shot.
BGM0504, dual GLP-1 and GIP receptor agonist
An early safety study in 40 volunteers and a mid-stage study in 64 people with type 2 diabetes, both published.
Dapiglutide, GLP-1 and GLP-2 receptor dual agonist
One 12-week first test in 54 people, against a dummy injection, and it missed its main goal.
Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (native incretin hormone)
The natural gut hormone behind the whole GLP-1 drug family.
KN069, dual GLP-1 receptor agonist and GIP receptor antagonist
One first study in people, in 48 men.
Noiiglutide (SHR20004), long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist
Published results from a small repeat-dose study in obesity, and a finished final-stage study in type 2 diabetes.
Compounded semaglutide with cyanocobalamin
Semaglutide has large studies in people.
Compounded tirzepatide with cyanocobalamin
No study of the premix in people.
UBT251 (GLP-1/GIP/glucagon triple agonist)
A shot that works on three signals, GLP-1, GIP and glucagon, licensed by Novo Nordisk.
AOD-9604 (modified growth hormone fragment)
AOD-9604 is one of the few compounds on this site that a company took through real weight-loss studies and finished.
MET-233i, once-monthly amylin analog
Pfizer's monthly amylin shot, from Metsera.
Semaglutide with BPC-157 (clinic and grey-market stack)
Only one half has evidence in people, and it was gathered without the other half there.
Tirzepatide with BPC-157 (clinic and grey-market stack)
One half has a big study in people.
BI 1820237, neuropeptide Y receptor type 2 agonist
One published first study in people, with single doses in 95 men.
BI 3034701, GLP-1/GIP/NPY2 triple receptor agonist
Boehringer Ingelheim's drug that works on three signals: GLP-1, GIP and NPY2, a fullness signal from the gut.
Adropin, the secreted product of the ENHO (energy homeostasis associated) gene
There is a fair amount of human data, and all of it only measures adropin.
GUB014295 (GUBamy), long-acting amylin analogue
One finished early safety study in 76 healthy, overweight or obese volunteers, paid for by AbbVie, with no results posted or published.
Pancragen (Lys-Glu-Asp-Trp, KEDW)
Pancragen is a four building block peptide from Khavinson's institute in Russia, sold to support the pancreas.
5-amino-1MQ with SLU-PP-332 (oral metabolic blend)
There is none, for either compound, by any route.
Adipotide (FTPP, fat-targeted proapoptotic peptide)
An experimental peptide that attacks the blood supply of white fat.
BRP (BRINP2-related peptide)
BRP is a 12 building block peptide found at Stanford with an AI search of larger hormone proteins.
Glucagon-Like Peptide-2 (native intestinal hormone)
A natural gut hormone that helps the gut lining grow and heal.
Growth Hormone Fragment 176-191
No study of this fragment in people has ever been published under this name.
Nesfatin-1, the 82 residue NUCB2-derived peptide
Sold as a weight-loss peptide, but no published study has ever given it to a person.
3 in this view
Mechano Growth Factor (IGF-1Ec E-peptide)
No person has been given lab-made MGF in any published study.
Pegylated Mechano Growth Factor
No person has been given PEG-MGF in any published study, and FDA says so plainly.
Des(1-3)IGF-1
IGF-1 DES is IGF-1 with its first three building blocks cut off.
29 in this view
Rapastinel (GLYX-13), intravenous NMDA receptor glycine site partial agonist tetrapeptide
A lot of people.
Cerebrolysin (porcine brain-derived neuropeptides)
Cerebrolysin has been used in hospitals for decades and has many trials behind it.
Brimapitide (XG-102, AM-111, D-JNKI-1), cell penetrating JNK inhibitor peptide
Roughly 1,200 people have had brimapitide across seven studies in hearing loss, eye swelling and healthy men.
Nemifitide (INN 00835), subcutaneous pentapeptide antidepressant, development ceased
188 patients took part in three small studies that compared it with a dummy shot.
Intranasal carbetocin, a long-acting oxytocin receptor agonist
Two large final-stage studies against a dummy spray, 305 people between them, plus an extension study of 168 that was stopped.
Semax (synthetic ACTH 4-10 analogue)
Semax has real studies in people, and almost all of them are Russian.
Selank (synthetic tuftsin analogue)
Selank has been tested in 192 people across three published studies.
Calcitonin gene-related peptide, alpha-CGRP
Lots of evidence, running two ways, and neither way supports taking CGRP.
Davunetide (NAP, ADNP-derived peptide)
A brain-protecting peptide tested in people for brain diseases.
Semax and Selank blend (Russian nootropic peptide pair)
Each peptide has Russian data in people, at a level this site rates Moderate at best.
Ziconotide (Prialt), synthetic omega-conotoxin MVIIA
Two studies with a dummy group back the approval.
Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide
DSIP has been given to people in small studies published between 1981 and 1998, always into a vein.
Galanin, the 30 residue human GAL gene product
A solid set of controlled studies going back to 1986, all about hormones and the heart: growth hormone, insulin, noradrenaline, heart rate, blood pre…
Dermorphin, frog skin heptapeptide mu-opioid agonist (Tyr-D-Ala-Phe-Gly-Tyr-Pro-Ser-NH2)
22 people, all in Italian hormone studies in 1983 and 1985 that used dermorphin as a tool to study the pituitary gland.
Delta sleep-inducing peptide with selank and epitalon (sleep blend)
The sleep evidence is two studies from the 1980s, for one ingredient.
Neuropeptide Y (NPY)
One large year-long study of a pill that blocks an NPY receptor, which failed.
Pinealon (Glu-Asp-Arg peptide bioregulator)
Pinealon's human record is three small Russian studies.
Neurotensin, the 13 residue NTS gene product
Neurotensin has been given to people, in a handful of gut studies from the 1980s.
Cortexin (polypeptide brain preparation)
A mix of small brain peptides from cattle, used in Russia for stroke, brain injury and memory problems.
Orexin-A (hypocretin-1)
Orexin-A is the brain chemical that keeps you awake.
Semax with selank and dihexa (cognitive stack)
One ingredient has a small study in people against another drug.
N-Acetyl Semax Amidate (NASA)
There is no evidence in people for N-Acetyl Semax Amidate.
Cortagen (Ala-Glu-Asp-Pro, AEDP)
Cortagen is a four building block peptide from Khavinson's institute in Russia.
Dihexa (angiotensin IV analogue)
An experimental peptide made from angiotensin, a blood pressure hormone.
Dopamine neuron stimulating peptide-11, an 11 amino acid peptide from the GDNF pro-region
None.
FG Loop Peptide (NCAM-derived)
A peptide from a protein that helps nerve cells stick together.
GB-115, cholecystokinin-4 dipeptide analog
GB-115 is a Russian anti-anxiety pill made of two building blocks.
P21 (P021, CNTF-derived peptide)
No person has ever been given P21.
PE-22-28 (spadin analogue)
An experimental peptide studied in mice for fast antidepressant effects and new brain cell growth.