Pinealon
Pinealon (Glu-Asp-Arg peptide bioregulator)
A short synthetic peptide bioregulator from the Khavinson group studied for brain protection and cognition.
Overview
Pinealon is a synthetic tripeptide (Glu-Asp-Arg) categorized as a peptide bioregulator by the Khavinson school of research. It is studied for neuroprotection, resistance to oxidative and hypoxic stress, and cognitive effects, mostly in Russian preclinical and small clinical work. Independent replication is limited, so its evidence is preliminary. It is not approved.
Mechanism of action
Proposed to regulate gene expression in neurons and protect against oxidative and hypoxic stress.
Key studies & citations
- In vitro2011
Pinealon increases cell viability by suppression of free radical levels and activating proliferative processes
Glu-Asp-Arg restricted reactive oxygen species and necrotic death in neuronal and PC12 cells under oxidative stress.
Rejuvenation Research - Animal2012
Pinealon protects the rat offspring from prenatal hyperhomocysteinemia
Improved cognitive function and oxidative-stress resistance in offspring of hyperhomocysteinemic rats.
International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine - Human2015
Effect of synthetic peptides on aging of patients with chronic polymorbidity and organic brain syndrome of the central nervous system in remission
Small Russian study (32 patients) of Pinealon and Vesugen on biological-age markers; no independent replication.
Advances in Gerontology (Uspekhi Gerontologii)
Frequently asked questions
What is a peptide bioregulator?
It is a term from the Khavinson research school for very short peptides proposed to regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The concept is not widely validated in independent Western research.