Is Mitoglitazone legal in Australia?

Extended male mouse median lifespan by 8.7 percent when started at 7 months, then failed a retest started at 18 months where it shortened female lifespan. In people it has completed a 356-patient phase 2b in type 2 diabetes and a 29-patient phase 2 in Alzheimer disease, both sponsor-run, neither followed by a phase 3.

Mitoglitazone is a thiazolidinedione designed to keep the insulin-sensitising effect of pioglitazone while largely avoiding the PPAR-gamma activation blamed for that class's fluid retention and weight gain. Its developer, Metabolic Solutions Development Company, traced the PPAR-gamma-independent action to a mitochondrial target it called mTOT, later identified as the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC1 and MPC2).

Mechanism: Mitoglitazone binds the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier complex (MPC1 and MPC2), identified by photo-crosslinking proteomics as the mitochondrial target of thiazolidinediones, and has minimal affinity for PPAR-gamma. Restricting pyruvate entry into mitochondria shifts fuel use and, in the developer's model, produces insulin sensitisation without the PPAR-gamma-driven fluid retention and adipose expansion.

Regulatory history: Investigational, not approved. Completed phase 2 in type 2 diabetes (2011) and Alzheimer disease (2013) with results posted; no phase 3 registered. The lifespan extension is in male mice started at 7 months; the retest started at 18 months found no male benefit and shorter female lifespan.

Registers or lists therapeutic goods on the ARTG and schedules substances in the Poisons Standard. Many peptides are Schedule 4 (prescription only), so possession without a prescription and personal importation are restricted even when no product is registered.

The classification above is the The Longevity Archive reading of Therapeutic Goods Administration listings for Mitoglitazone at the reviewed date, not a legal opinion. Rules change, and importing, prescribing and possessing a compound can each be treated differently. Check the regulator directly before acting on anything here.