The finder
Pick what you want to change. See who actually measured it.
Every other tool like this gives you a compound and a match score. Those scores are not measured. Ours does not exist. What you get instead is what was actually measured and where: trials in people first with the participant count, then the animal and cell work kept separate, then what people using it report, and the trials that found nothing, counted rather than dropped.
82 of the 444 compounds here have never been through a trial in people. That is worth knowing and it is not a verdict: a molecule nobody can patent has no sponsor to pay for a trial, so a thin human record is usually a fact about money rather than about the compound. Where that is the case, this says so and shows you what does exist.
What are you trying to change?
Pick as many as you like. The number on each one is how many people it has been measured in across the whole archive, so you can see where the evidence is before you choose.
Or start from the compounds
Somebody handed you a stack. What is actually known about it?
Add what you are looking at and you get every outcome those compounds have been measured for in people, and then the longer list of the ones they have not.
Cell energy and mitochondria
Does it really do anything for cellular energy?
The single most over-claimed area in the supplement half of this catalogue, and the one with the widest gap between a cell-culture result and a human one.
318 people · 22 human studies · 15 compounds
- 144 people2 studies1 found nothing
The pivotal trial. 120 healthy adults aged 60 to 80 randomised to placebo, recommended dose NRPT, or double dose, taken daily for 8 weeks. Whole blood NAD rose approximately 40 percent at the recommended dose and approximately 90 percent at double dose after 4 weeks compared with placebo and baseline, and the increase...
npj Aging and Mechanisms of Disease, 2017 · 120 people
found nothingNCT03176628. 24 hospitalised patients with acute kidney injury received escalating doses of NRPT or placebo twice daily for 2 days across four dose steps up to 1000 mg NR with 200 mg pterostilbene. Acute kidney injury itself reduced whole blood NAD by 50 percent at 48 hours in placebo patients (P=0.05). Pooling all...
BMC Nephrology, 2020 · 24 people
- 80 people1 study1 found nothing
found nothing60-day RCT in 80 adults: 300 to 900 mg/day raised blood NAD and modestly improved six-minute walk distance; well tolerated; HOMA-IR unchanged.
GeroScience, 2023 · 80 people
- 42 people2 studies1 found nothing
found nothingNCT05038488. 42 adults hospitalised with COVID-19 and acute kidney injury randomised 3:2 to MIB-626 1.0 g or placebo tablets twice daily for 14 days. Blood NAD rose gradually from 16.0 to 25.5 to 42.6 micrograms per millilitre at baseline, day 5 and day 14, and NAD metabolites rose rapidly by day 3. Serum creatinine,...
FASEB BioAdvances, 2025 · 42 people
Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled pharmacokinetic trial. 32 overweight or obese adults aged 55 to 80, block randomised and stratified by sex, given MIB-626 1000 mg once daily, twice daily, or placebo for 14 days. Blood NMN on day 14 was significantly higher than placebo, with mean AUClast 1.7-fold and...
Journals of Gerontology Series A, 2023 · no headcount in the line
- 34 people2 studies
34 adults with fibromyalgia randomised to weekly infusions of the Myers cocktail or to lactated Ringer's solution for eight weeks. Both groups improved, but there was no statistically significant difference between them on any outcome at eight or sixteen weeks. This is the closest thing to a controlled trial of the...
Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 2009 · 34 people
The first human data on intravenous NAD+. Plasma NAD+ and its metabolites did not rise during the first two hours of the infusion, consistent with rapid tissue uptake or breakdown. The study measured the metabolome only. No efficacy outcome of any kind was assessed, and no B vitamins were given.
Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 2019 · no headcount in the line
- 11 people3 studies2 found nothing
Eleven healthy obese men, randomised double-blind crossover, 150 mg per day for 30 days. Sleeping and resting metabolic rate fell; muscle AMPK was activated with higher SIRT1 and PGC-1alpha protein and improved mitochondrial respiration on a fatty-acid substrate; intrahepatic lipid, circulating glucose, triglycerides,...
Cell Metabolism, 2011 · 11 people
found nothingThe direct contradiction of the trial above. Twenty-four obese but otherwise healthy men, parallel-group, four weeks of high-dose resveratrol. Insulin sensitivity by hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp, the primary outcome, deteriorated insignificantly in both arms. No effect on blood pressure, resting energy...
Diabetes, 2013 · no headcount in the line
found nothingSeventy-five mg per day for 12 weeks in nonobese postmenopausal women. Plasma resveratrol rose, but a two-stage hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp with labelled tracers found no change in liver, muscle or adipose insulin sensitivity, and no change in body composition, resting metabolic rate, lipids or inflammatory...
Cell Metabolism, 2012 · no headcount in the line
- 7 people1 study
Open-label, 7 ambulatory adults, 50 mg twice daily for 8 weeks with biceps biopsy before and after. Increased LKB1, AMPK, PGC-1alpha, cristae abundance, follistatin and regeneration markers; myostatin fell; heart rate and lactate at fixed workloads fell. No placebo group.
Muscle and Nerve, 2021 · 7 people
- no headcount stated3 studies
Oral NR raised blood NAD+ up to 2.7-fold in a human pilot and showed superior hepatic NAD+ kinetics in mice.
Nature Communications, 2016 · no headcount in the line
Randomized crossover trial: 6 weeks of NR was well tolerated and effectively stimulated NAD+ metabolism.
Nature Communications, 2018 · no headcount in the line
8-week dose-ranging RCT supporting safety and dose-dependent NAD+ elevation.
Scientific Reports, 2019 · no headcount in the line
- no headcount stated1 study
First human data on IV NAD+: no rise in plasma NAD+ or metabolites for the first 2 hours of infusion, consistent with rapid tissue uptake or breakdown; no efficacy outcomes measured.
Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 2019 · no headcount in the line
- no headcount stated1 study
The trial that separates the appetite claim from the energy expenditure claim by running oxyntomodulin against its two component signals and against the combination. Read this before believing the raises-your-metabolism half of the story.
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2015 · no headcount in the line
- no headcount stated1 study
30 participants, sponsor AgelessRx (a telehealth prescriber), active not recruiting. Arms combine rapamycin 2 to 6 mg weekly, metformin 500 mg daily, low-dose naltrexone, intranasal NAD+, topical glutathione and a proprietary supplement; primary endpoints VO2 max, a cognitive composite and an inflammation index....
ClinicalTrials.gov, 2025 · no headcount in the line
- no headcount stated1 study
A randomised trial in otherwise healthy cigarette smokers examining cardiovascular effects of a purpose-designed SIRT1 activator. This is among the few randomised human trials of a sirtuin-activating compound, and the compound did not go on to approval.
Journal of the American Heart Association, 2013 · no headcount in the line
- no headcount stated1 study
Included as the human benchmark NMNH does not have. A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial in 32 overweight or obese adults aged 55 to 80 established what the oxidised form does in people at 1000 mg once or twice daily for 14 days: blood NMN significantly above placebo at day 14 and substantial...
Journals of Gerontology Series A, 2023 · no headcount in the line
- no headcount stated1 study
Oral nicotinamide riboside was well tolerated with no adverse events. Significant increases from baseline to steady state were seen for both NR at p = 0.03 and NAD+ at p = 0.001, with NAD+ rising by 100%. Change in NR and change in NAD+ correlated at R squared 0.72. This is the surrogate that the NAD field rests on:...
PLoS One, 2017 · no headcount in the line
- no headcount stated1 study1 found nothing
found nothingPhase 2a energy balance study; 12 cotadutide and 7 placebo completers over 42 days. Weight change minus 4.0 percent against minus 1.4 percent (P equals 0.011); energy intake fell 41.3 percent against placebo; energy expenditure by doubly labelled water did not differ (1.0 percent, P equals 0.784). Weight loss was...
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 2024 · no headcount in the line
- no headcount stated1 study1 found nothing
found nothingSingle-blind randomised placebo-controlled crossover in obese volunteers: a 10.5-hour ambulatory subcutaneous infusion of GLP-1, oxyntomodulin and PYY at doses matching post-gastric-bypass levels (PYY 0.4 pmol/kg/min) cut food intake by a mean 32 percent with no change in resting energy expenditure. Non-US government...
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2017 · no headcount in the line
- no headcount stated0 studies
The paper that put rilmenidine into geroscience. Identified by searching for compounds with a caloric-restriction-like expression signature. Increased lifespan in C. elegans when given at young and older ages, with the stress resilience, healthspan and lifespan benefits all dependent on the I1-imidazoline receptor...
Aging Cell, 2023 · no headcount in the line
Autophagy and mitophagy were induced in the spinal cord as intended and soluble mutant SOD1 fell, and despite that rilmenidine worsened motor neuron degeneration and symptom progression in SOD1G93A mice. The authors attribute the harm to excessive mitophagy and severe mitochondrial depletion in motor neurons.
Autophagy, 2018 · no headcount in the line
- no headcount stated0 studies
Identification of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 and demonstration in mouse cells and tissues that they mediate adiponectin's effects on fatty acid oxidation and glucose uptake through AMPK and PPAR-alpha.
Nature, 2003 · no headcount in the line
AdipoRon, an oral small molecule binding AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, activated AMPK and PPAR-alpha, improved insulin resistance and glucose tolerance in mice on a high-fat diet (abolished in double knockouts), ameliorated diabetes in db/db mice and prolonged their shortened lifespan on a high-fat diet. Mouse only; no human...
Nature, 2013 · no headcount in the line
- no headcount stated0 studies
Oral spermidine extended mouse lifespan and preserved cardiac function through enhanced cardiac autophagy and mitophagy.
Nature Medicine, 2016 · no headcount in the line
- no headcount stated0 studies
Cultured human dermal fibroblasts. 20(S)-Rg3 reversed replicative senescence by restoring ATP and the NAD+ to NADH ratio and modulating Akt, mTOR and sirtuin signalling; the 20(R) isomer did not. Reversal of senescence, not clearance of senescent cells.
Journal of Ginseng Research, 2020 · no headcount in the line
- no headcount stated0 studies
In diet-induced obese mice and in pigs, halofuginone suppressed food intake, raised energy expenditure and produced weight loss via integrated stress response induction of FGF21 and GDF15; both hormones were required in knockout mice. Animal only. Note that the abstract describes halofuginone as FDA-approved for...
Science Advances, 2025 · no headcount in the line
- no headcount stated0 studies
Supplementing alpha-ketobutyrate extended lifespan in wild-type Caenorhabditis elegans. The mechanism traced through lactate dehydrogenase LDH-1 raising NAD+ production, SIR-2.1 mediating enhanced peroxisome function and biogenesis, raised acox-1.2 expression driving peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation and hydrogen...
Nature Communications, 2023 · no headcount in the line
- no headcount stated0 studies
The strongest evidence for the CD38 strategy, and it was not generated with apigenin. 78c, a highly potent and specific thiazoloquinazolinone CD38 inhibitor, reversed age-related NAD decline and improved glucose tolerance, muscle function, exercise capacity and cardiac function in mouse models of natural and...
Cell Metabolism, 2018 · no headcount in the line
- no headcount stated0 studies
Cell culture. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype of chondrocytes was characterised by raised p16, p21 and p53, raised TNF-alpha and IL-1-alpha, and lowered Sirt1. Both the AED peptide and a cartilage polypeptide complex normalised the synthesis of those molecules. Chondrocytes in culture, not joints, and no...
Advances in Gerontology, 2023 · no headcount in the line
- no headcount stated0 studies
MPTP-treated mice, a Parkinson's model. SS-31 gave dose-dependent complete protection against loss of striatal dopamine and of tyrosine hydroxylase positive neurons in the substantia nigra. SS-20, which the paper states has no intrinsic ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species, also showed significant...
Antioxidants and Redox Signaling, 2009 · no headcount in the line
How this is counted
Human studies only. Animal and test-tube work never enters this ranking, because the question you asked was about a person.
A compound is listed for an outcome only when a citation on its own page states that outcome and reports a result for it. Naming it is not enough: a paper that measures testosterone and reports a result about something else does not count as testosterone evidence, which is a mistake this tool made on its first run and no longer makes.
People counts are read out of the study lines themselves and are deliberate undercounts. Where a line states no number, the study still counts as a study and adds nothing to the headcount. Counts are never added across compounds, because the same person can appear in more than one trial.
Ranking is by people measured. That is a fact about the evidence, not a judgement about the compound, and it is the only ordering this site will defend. A compound at the top of a list is the most studied, which is not the same as the best.
Nothing here is advice, and nothing here is a recommendation to take anything.