Peptide finder

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Pick as many as you like. The number on each one is how many people it has been measured in across the whole archive. So you can see where the evidence is before you choose.

1. 01MethotrexateSmall moleculeStrong. At least two finished studies in people, and at least 1,000 people who took it. 2 completed trials, 5,022 people given it.4 reported

   5,022 people2 studies1 found nothing

   • found nothingLow-dose methotrexate did not prevent heart attacks or strokes in people who already had heart disease, and it did not lower the inflammation markers it was supposed to. 4,786 people took it or a dummy pill for about two years, and all took folate too. This is the trial that separates methotrexate from the...

     The New England Journal of Medicine, 2019 · 4,786 people

   • A year of methotrexate given before rheumatoid arthritis was diagnosed did not stop the arthritis from arriving. 236 adults with joint pain took part. They also got one steroid shot at the start. They did have less pain, stiffness and joint inflammation two years on. One region, and an early test of the idea.

     The Lancet, 2022 · 236 people

2. 02ResveratrolSupplementModerate. At least one finished study in people, and at least 100 people who took it. 14 completed trials, 403 people given it.7 reported

   203 people2 studies1 found nothing

   • found nothingThe longest and largest diabetes trial of resveratrol found nothing that counted. 192 patients took 40 mg, 500 mg or a dummy pill every day for six months. An inflammation marker fell further on resveratrol, but not by enough to call real. Weight, waist, blood pressure, blood sugar, insulin and a string of other...

     Pharmacological Research, 2016 · 192 people

   • This is the strongest good human result resveratrol has, and it rests on eleven men. Obese but otherwise healthy men took 150 mg a day for a month, and also spent a month on a dummy pill. Their resting metabolism slowed the way it does when people eat less. Liver fat, blood sugar, triglycerides, a liver enzyme and...

     Cell Metabolism, 2011 · 11 people

3. 03SomatropinBiologicLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 2 completed trials, 84 people given it.9 reported

   60 people1 study

   • Take growth hormone away from adults who need it and most things get worse. 60 adults with a pituitary shortage, treated for about ten years, were switched onto a dummy for four months. Their IGF-1 fell sharply. Two aspects of quality of life declined. Waists grew, deep belly fat rose, and cholesterol and an...

     Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2012 · 60 people

4. 04ThymalinPeptideModerate. At least one finished study in people, and at least 100 people who took it. 4 completed trials, 308 people given it.7 reported

   42 people1 study

   • A small early-pandemic trial reported faster recovery, and nobody died in either group. 42 patients got thymalin injections into the muscle for five days on top of standard care, and 50 got standard care alone, at one hospital in mid 2020. Lung scans worsened in 2 of the 42 treated against 5 of the 50 controls....

     Stem Cell Reviews and Reports, 2021 · 42 people

5. 05MIB-626SupplementModerate. At least one finished study in people, and at least 100 people who took it. 4 completed trials, 107 people given it.1 reported

   42 people1 study1 found nothing

   • found nothingThe tablet raised NAD in very sick patients and made no difference to them. 42 adults in hospital with COVID-19 and sudden kidney injury took MIB-626 or dummy tablets twice a day for two weeks. NAD in the blood roughly doubled by the end. Kidney blood tests came out the same in both groups. So did inflammation markers...

     FASEB BioAdvances, 2025 · 42 people

6. 06BrimapitidePeptideModerate. At least one finished study in people, and at least 100 people who took it. 4 completed trials, 510 people given it.

   20 people1 study

   • A small safety study in inflamed eyes, with nothing to compare it against. Twenty people who had inflammation inside the eye after surgery or injury got one injection under the surface of the eye. Seventeen side effects were recorded and all were judged unrelated to the drug. Almost none of the peptide reached the...

     Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2015 · 20 people

7. 07BPC-157PeptideLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 3 completed trials, 31 people given it.10 reported

   number of people not given1 study

   • A company registered a study of a BPC-157 gummy, marked it completed, and has posted no results. 40 physically active adults were to take two gummies a day for eight weeks, 500 mcg of BPC-157 per serving. The main measurements were two blood markers of inflammation, hs-CRP and IL-6. Everybody was to get the gummy....

     ClinicalTrials.gov, Parlay Wellness, 2025 · number of people not given

8. 08Metformin plus rapamycinSmall moleculePreliminary. Studied in people, but no published study has had people take it. 2 registered with no result.2 reported

   number of people not given1 study

   • The one trial testing this pair cannot tell the two drugs apart. 30 people are enrolled by AgelessRx, an online company that prescribes these drugs, and it is no longer signing people up. Every group stacks rapamycin and metformin together with low-dose naltrexone, NAD+ up the nose, glutathione on the skin and a...

     ClinicalTrials.gov, 2025 · number of people not given

9. 09GDF15BiologicModerate. At least one finished study in people, and at least 100 people who took it. 2 completed trials, 313 people given it.3 reported

   53,902 people2 studies

   • GDF15 tracks with getting sick in general, not with any one disease. Researchers measured thousands of blood proteins in 53,026 UK adults and followed them for over 13 years. Higher GDF15 went with later diagnosis of more than twenty different long-term illnesses, and with having several at once. Much of the level was...

     Metabolism, 2025 · 53,026 people

   • Higher GDF15 marked out men who died sooner, but nobody was given anything. 876 Swedish men aged 35 to 80 gave a blood sample and were then followed for up to 14 years. Those with more GDF15 at the start were roughly three times as likely to die of any cause. The pattern held in a separate set of 324 twins. This is a...

     Aging Cell, 2010 · 876 people

10. 10KPVPeptideAnimal or lab only. Only animal or lab studies on this page. No study in people yet. 2 animal studies, no human study.6 reported

    number of people not given0 studies

    • In mice with colitis, KPV carried in tiny particles sped up healing of the gut lining and lowered a swelling signal called TNF-alpha.

      Molecular Therapy, 2017 · number of people not given

11. 11ThymulinPeptideAnimal or lab only. Only animal or lab studies on this page. No study in people yet. 1 animal study, no human study.1 reported

    number of people not given0 studies

    • In rats. A thymulin copy called PAT cut pain and swelling caused by a bacterial toxin, more so at higher doses.

      British Journal of Pharmacology, 2002 · number of people not given

12. 12KLOW blendBlendLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 1 completed trial, 13 people given it.11 reported

    number of people not given0 studies

    • In mice with gut inflammation. KPV given alone led to faster recovery, more weight regained and less inflammation in the colon. Nothing here tests KPV in a mix or in people.

      Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, 2008 · number of people not given

13. 13ChonlutenPeptideAnimal or lab only. Only animal or lab studies on this page. No study in people yet. 2 lab studies, no human study.2 reported

    number of people not given0 studies

    • In a dish. In human immune cells, it cut the release of an inflammation signal after the cells met a bacterial toxin. The study was run with the institute that makes it, so it is not independent.

      International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2022 · number of people not given

14. 14Ac-SDKPPeptideAnimal or lab only. Only animal or lab studies on this page. No study in people yet. 1 animal study, no human study.2 reported

    number of people not given0 studies

    • In rats. It cut inflammation after brain injury.

      Journal of Neurosurgery, 2017 · number of people not given

15. 15OSK Partial ReprogrammingBiologicPreliminary. Studied in people, but no published study has had people take it. 1 registered with no result.5 reported

    number of people not given0 studies

    • In normally ageing mice, not ones bred to age fast, long stretches of partial reprogramming changed the kidney and skin. The longer the treatment ran, the bigger the change. Ageing clocks read younger. Genes for inflammation, worn-out cells and stress were turned down. The authors did not claim these mice lived longer.

      Nature Aging, 2022 · number of people not given

16. 16E5 Plasma FractionProcedureAnimal or lab only. Only animal or lab studies on this page. No study in people yet. 4 animal studies, no human study.4 reported

    number of people not given0 studies

    • In rats, a fraction of young pig plasma made old organs look much younger on paper. The team first built and checked six tissue-age clocks for rat tissue, from 613 samples. Two of those also work in human tissue. After treatment, the tissue age of blood, heart and liver more than halved. A control centre in the brain...

      GeroScience, 2024 · number of people not given

17. 17ClusterinBiologicPreliminary. Studied in people, but no published study has had people take it. 2 human studies where nobody was given it, 1 registered with no result.4 reported

    number of people not given0 studies

    • In mice, with one human measurement inside it. Plasma from mice that chose to run, given to mice that did not, quietened inflammation genes in the brain. Protein screening showed a rise in a set of immune system brakes, clusterin among them. Clusterin injected into a vein stuck to the lining of brain blood vessels and...

      Nature, 2021 · number of people not given

18. 1825-HydroxycholesterolSmall moleculePreliminary. Studied in people, but no published study has had people take it. 1 human study where nobody was given it.2 reported

    number of people not given0 studies

    • In mice. In mice with clogged arteries, 25-hydroxycholesterol made by immune cells made artery swelling and damage worse. It was also measured in human artery tissue, but only measured. This is a harm result in the same part of the body as the artery stiffness study.

      Circulation, 2023 · number of people not given

19. 19RisuteganibPeptideModerate. At least one finished study in people, and at least 100 people who took it. 2 completed trials, 263 people given it.

    number of people not given0 studies

    • In a dish. Retina support cells were made with mitochondria from 5 people with AMD and 3 without. They were treated with each drug for 48 hours at doses like those used in the eye. The AMD cells showed more signs of cell death at the start. The two drugs changed cell death, stress and swelling genes in different ways....

      Experimental Eye Research, 2021 · number of people not given

20. 2017-alpha-estradiolHormoneAnimal or lab only. Only animal or lab studies on this page. No study in people yet. 4 animal studies, no human study.4 reported

    number of people not given0 studies

    • In mice, this study asked why these drugs mostly help males. It found that the drop in brain inflammation was itself different between males and females. That is part of an answer, not the whole answer.

      Aging Cell, 2017 · number of people not given

21. 21LamivudineSmall moleculeLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 1 completed trial, none stating how many people.3 reported

    number of people not given0 studies

    • In mice and in a dish. This is the paper that started the idea. In worn-out cells, jumping genes woke up and set off an immune alarm through loose DNA copies. Drugs that block the copying stopped it. Giving lamivudine to old mice turned down the alarm and cut inflammation in several body parts. It measured...

      Nature, 2019 · number of people not given

22. 22RuxolitinibSmall moleculeModerate. At least one finished study in people, and at least 100 people who took it. 1 completed trial, 309 people given it.

    number of people not given0 studies

    • In human cells in a dish and in old mice. Blocking the JAK pathway quieted the inflammatory signals from zombie cells. In old mice, 10 weeks of a JAK-blocking drug cut inflammation and helped them move better. There is no result in people.

      Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2015 · number of people not given

23. 23CartalaxPeptideAnimal or lab only. Only animal or lab studies on this page. No study in people yet. 4 lab studies, no human study.8 reported

    number of people not given0 studies

    • In a dish. Aging cartilage cells gave off more aging and inflammation signals. Both Cartalax and a cartilage extract pushed those signals back toward normal. These were cells, not joints, and nobody measured a real health result.

      Advances in Gerontology, 2023 · number of people not given

24. 24ApelinPeptideLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 3 completed trials, 68 people given it.3 reported

    number of people not given0 studies

    • Mostly in mice. Mice missing apelin or its receptor lost a lot of muscle with age. Giving apelin signals back improved their muscle. A human part only watched people. In older people, muscle made less apelin with age, and more apelin went with more benefit from exercise. Nobody was given apelin. Public money paid for...

      Nature Medicine, 2018 · number of people not given

1. 01MelittinPeptideModerate. At least one finished study in people, and at least 100 people who took it. 5 completed trials, 658 people given it.4 reported

   538 people1 study

   • This tested whole bee venom, not melittin. Five hundred and thirty eight people with knee arthritis got weekly skin injections of venom, or of a control substance, for twelve weeks. Pain and physical function improved more on the venom. The gains were modest in size. Reactions where the needle went in were uncommon....

     Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 2019 · 538 people

2. 02MethotrexateSmall moleculeStrong. At least two finished studies in people, and at least 1,000 people who took it. 2 completed trials, 5,022 people given it.4 reported

   236 people1 study

   • A year of methotrexate given before rheumatoid arthritis was diagnosed did not stop the arthritis from arriving. 236 adults with joint pain took part. They also got one steroid shot at the start. They did have less pain, stiffness and joint inflammation two years on. One region, and an early test of the idea.

     The Lancet, 2022 · 236 people

3. 03UBX0101Small moleculeModerate. At least one finished study in people, and at least 100 people who took it. 1 completed trial, 183 people given it.3 reported

   183 people1 study

   • The first clean-up drug ever tested against a real symptom in people failed. 183 people with knee arthritis got one shot of UBX0101 at one of three strengths, or a dummy shot. After 12 weeks, knee pain had fallen from about 2.1 to 1.12 on the dummy shot and to between 1.04 and 1.16 on the drug. Knee function and daily...

     ClinicalTrials.gov, 2026 · 183 people

4. 04CurcuminSupplementModerate. At least one finished study in people, and at least 100 people who took it. 3 completed trials, 195 people given it.5 reported

   95 people2 studies

   • A high-absorption curcumin form eased knee pain in a short study. 50 adults with knee arthritis took 180 mg a day, or a dummy pill, for 8 weeks. Pain scores were lower on the curcumin form, except in people who started with almost no pain. They also needed less of the pain drug celecoxib. Eight weeks is short, and...

     Journal of Orthopaedic Science, 2014 · 50 people

   • A very small rheumatoid arthritis pilot put 45 people on curcumin, a pain drug (diclofenac), or both. Disease scores improved in all three groups, and the curcumin-only group improved most. 45 people split three ways cannot settle a long-term disease. Treat it as a reason to run a proper study, not as proof.

     Phytotherapy Research, 2012 · 45 people

5. 05Alpha-2-MacroglobulinBiologicLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 1 completed trial, 75 people given it.6 reported

   75 people1 study1 found nothing

   • found nothingA2M injections helped knees, but no better than the cheaper options they were tested against. 75 people with moderate knee osteoarthritis were split by chance between an A2M-rich concentrate, ordinary platelet-rich plasma, and a steroid injection. Nobody involved knew which. 68 finished. At 12 weeks the A2M group had...

     Bulletin of the Hospital for Joint Diseases, 2024 · 75 people

6. 06PiperlongumineSmall moleculeAnimal or lab only. Only animal or lab studies on this page. No study in people yet. 1 animal study, 3 lab studies, no human study.2 reported

   number of people not given0 studies

   • In rats. Piperlongumine cut signs of worn-out cells in knee tissue and slowed knee arthritis. The researchers also tested cells taken from people with arthritis, but only in a dish. No patients were treated.

     Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2026 · number of people not given

7. 07CartalaxPeptideAnimal or lab only. Only animal or lab studies on this page. No study in people yet. 4 lab studies, no human study.8 reported

   number of people not given0 studies

   • In a dish. Aging cartilage cells gave off more aging and inflammation signals. Both Cartalax and a cartilage extract pushed those signals back toward normal. These were cells, not joints, and nobody measured a real health result.

     Advances in Gerontology, 2023 · number of people not given

8. 08Nandrolone decanoateHormoneLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 3 completed trials, none stating how many people.6 reported

   number of people not given0 studies
9. 09BPC-157PeptideLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 3 completed trials, 31 people given it.10 reported

   number of people not given0 studies
10. 10RapamycinSmall moleculeLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 2 completed trials, 25 people given it.8 reported

    number of people not given0 studies
11. 11GLOW blendBlendLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 2 completed trials, 22 people given it.9 reported

    number of people not given0 studies
12. 12Rapamycin plus acarboseSmall moleculeAnimal or lab only. Only animal or lab studies on this page. No study in people yet. 7 animal studies, no human study.5 reported

    number of people not given0 studies
13. 13Testosterone cypionateHormoneModerate. At least one finished study in people, and at least 100 people who took it. 1 completed trial, 5,246 people given it.9 reported

    number of people not given0 studies
14. 14Deadpool blendBlendAnimal or lab only. Only animal or lab studies on this page. No study in people yet. 1 animal study, 1 lab study, no human study.7 reported

    number of people not given0 studies
15. 15PDA with TB-500BlendAnimal or lab only. Only animal or lab studies on this page. No study in people yet. 1 lab study, no human study.6 reported

    number of people not given0 studies
16. 16Semaglutide with BPC-157BlendLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 1 completed trial, none stating how many people.7 reported

    number of people not given0 studies

1. 01BPC-157PeptideLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 3 completed trials, 31 people given it.10 reported

   number of people not given0 studies

   • In rats with a cut Achilles tendon, a daily dose of BPC-157 made the healing tendon stronger than salt water did. The rats also walked better, and more collagen, the tendon's building protein, formed.

     Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 2003 · number of people not given

2. 02UBX0101Small moleculeModerate. At least one finished study in people, and at least 100 people who took it. 1 completed trial, 183 people given it.3 reported

   number of people not given0 studies

   • In mice. In mice bred so worn-out cells could be tracked and killed, clearing worn-out cells after a knee ligament injury eased arthritis and pain and helped cartilage grow. A clean-up drug injected into the knee did the same in normal and old mice. Cells from people having knee replacements were treated in a dish,...

     Nature Medicine, 2017 · number of people not given

3. 03CartalaxPeptideAnimal or lab only. Only animal or lab studies on this page. No study in people yet. 4 lab studies, no human study.8 reported

   number of people not given0 studies

   • In a dish. Stem cells from the tissue that holds teeth in place were exposed to four short peptides. Signs of young nerve cells went up with the mix of all four, and with one of the other peptides. The authors do not report that effect for Cartalax on its own.

     International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology, 2019 · number of people not given

4. 04TB-500PeptidePreliminary. Studied in people, but no published study has had people take it. 1 registered with no result.9 reported

   number of people not given0 studies
5. 05Thymosin Beta-4PeptideStrong. At least two finished studies in people, and at least 1,000 people who took it. 5 completed trials, 1,382 people given it.9 reported

   number of people not given0 studies
6. 06KLOW blendBlendLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 1 completed trial, 13 people given it.11 reported

   number of people not given0 studies
7. 07GLOW blendBlendLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 2 completed trials, 22 people given it.9 reported

   number of people not given0 studies
8. 08ResveratrolSupplementModerate. At least one finished study in people, and at least 100 people who took it. 14 completed trials, 403 people given it.7 reported

   number of people not given0 studies
9. 09Nandrolone decanoateHormoneLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 3 completed trials, none stating how many people.6 reported

   number of people not given0 studies
10. 10Wolverine blendBlendPreliminary. Studied in people, but no published study has had people take it. 1 registered with no result.9 reported

    number of people not given0 studies
11. 11Deadpool blendBlendAnimal or lab only. Only animal or lab studies on this page. No study in people yet. 1 animal study, 1 lab study, no human study.7 reported

    number of people not given0 studies
12. 12BPC-157 with KPVBlendAnimal or lab only. Only animal or lab studies on this page. No study in people yet. 1 animal study, no human study.7 reported

    number of people not given0 studies
13. 13PDA with TB-500BlendAnimal or lab only. Only animal or lab studies on this page. No study in people yet. 1 lab study, no human study.6 reported

    number of people not given0 studies
14. 14Quad healing blendBlendLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 1 completed trial, 13 people given it.8 reported

    number of people not given0 studies

1. 01Thymosin alpha-1 with KPV and LL-37BlendStrong. At least two finished studies in people, and at least 1,000 people who took it. 3 completed trials, 1,140 people given it.6 reported

   34 people2 studies1 found nothing

   • found nothingA cream made from LL-37 healed stubborn leg ulcers faster, in a small first test in people. 34 people first used a dummy cream for three weeks. Then they got LL-37 at one of three strengths, or a dummy, for four more weeks, and nobody knew which. The two lower strengths healed wounds about six and three times faster...

     Wound Repair and Regeneration, 2014 · 34 people

   • LL-37 was tested again, this time as a cream on foot ulcers in people with diabetes. People got it or a comparison by chance, and nobody knew who got what. This is only the second proper study of the peptide in people. Note the form both times. A cream, on a wound. Neither study injected LL-37. Neither tested it for...

     Archives of Dermatological Research, 2023 · number of people not given

2. 02LL-37PeptideModerate. At least one finished study in people, and at least 100 people who took it. 2 completed trials, 182 people given it.7 reported

   34 people1 study

   • The first human test of LL-37 on wounds looked strongly positive. Thirty-four people with leg ulcers that had refused to heal had the lowest strength applied to the wound, or a dummy. Ulcers on the drug closed roughly six times faster. Nothing worrying turned up on safety. Thirty-four people is a first look, not an...

     Wound Repair and Regeneration, 2014 · 34 people

3. 03TB-500PeptidePreliminary. Studied in people, but no published study has had people take it. 1 registered with no result.9 reported

   number of people not given0 studies
4. 04Testosterone cypionateHormoneModerate. At least one finished study in people, and at least 100 people who took it. 1 completed trial, 5,246 people given it.9 reported

   number of people not given0 studies
5. 05Omega-3SupplementStrong. At least two finished studies in people, and at least 1,000 people who took it. 3 completed trials, 34,050 people given it.4 reported

   number of people not given0 studies
6. 06GHK-CuPeptideLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 2 completed trials, 99 people given it.7 reported

   number of people not given0 studies
7. 07GLOW blendBlendLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 2 completed trials, 22 people given it.9 reported

   number of people not given0 studies

1. 01Botulinum toxin type ABiologicStrong. At least two finished studies in people, and at least 1,000 people who took it. 2 completed trials, 1,681 people given it.5 reported

   1,384 people1 study

   • Botulinum toxin cut chronic migraine days, and the dummy injections cut them almost as much. 1,384 adults were injected with either the toxin or a dummy every twelve weeks across two trials. After six months, headache days had fallen by about eight a month on the toxin and about seven on the dummy. The gap between...

     Headache, 2010 · 1,384 people

2. 02PT-141PeptideStrong. At least two finished studies in people, and at least 1,000 people who took it. 4 completed trials, 2,355 people given it.9 reported

   1,267 people1 study

   • It raised sexual desire in women by a small but real amount, and made a lot of them feel sick. 1,267 premenopausal women with low sexual desire used bremelanotide as needed, or a dummy injection, over about six months across two matching trials. Desire scores rose and distress about low desire fell, more than on the...

     Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2019 · 1,267 people

3. 03Melanotan IIPeptideStrong. At least two finished studies in people, and at least 1,000 people who took it. 5 completed trials, 1,310 people given it.9 reported

   1,267 people1 study

   • The owned descendant of this chemistry was tested properly, and it worked a little. Two large trials gave bremelanotide or a dummy injection to 1,267 women before menopause who had lost interest in sex. Desire rose and distress fell on the drug, by a real but small margin. Nausea, flushing and headache were all...

     Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2019 · 1,267 people

4. 04Relaxin-2PeptideStrong. At least two finished studies in people, and at least 1,000 people who took it. 2 completed trials, 7,706 people given it.5 reported

   1,161 people1 study1 found nothing

   • found nothingSerelaxin eased breathlessness a little in people admitted with sudden heart failure, and changed nothing that matters more. 1,161 people got either a two day drip of the drug or a dummy drip soon after reaching hospital. Breathlessness scored better on one scale and no better on the other. Deaths from heart causes...

     The Lancet, 2013 · 1,161 people

5. 05CGRPPeptideModerate. At least one finished study in people, and at least 100 people who took it. 2 completed trials, 968 people given it.

   968 people2 studies

   • The money in this peptide is in blocking it, and blocking it clearly works. 955 people with migraine got a monthly shot of one of two erenumab doses, or a dummy shot, for six months. They started with roughly eight migraine days a month. On the drug they lost between three and four of those days. On the dummy they...

     The New England Journal of Medicine, 2017 · 955 people

   • Give a person this peptide and it gives them a migraine. Thirteen migraine patients each got CGRP on one day and a dummy infusion on another, without being told which was which. Ten of the thirteen developed a migraine-like attack on CGRP. Nobody did on the dummy. The headaches were worse and they lasted longer. That...

     The Journal of Headache and Pain, 2018 · 13 people

6. 06CebranopadolSmall moleculeModerate. At least one finished study in people, and at least 100 people who took it. 5 completed trials, 300 people given it.

   258 people2 studies1 found nothing

   • found nothingOne tablet beat both a dummy and morphine for pain after foot surgery. Two hundred and fifty eight patients got cebranopadol at one of three strengths, a slow release morphine tablet, or a dummy. The two higher strengths relieved pain over the first ten hours better than either comparison. Morphine worked, but later....

     Pain Physician, 2018 · 258 people

   • This trial never got the people it needed and it did not show what it set out to show. It was built for more than five hundred patients with cancer pain and recruited a quarter of that before stopping. Those who took part got cebranopadol or slow release morphine for up to seven weeks. People on cebranopadol reached...

     European Journal of Pain, 2019 · number of people not given

7. 07Carbetocin (intranasal)PeptideModerate. At least one finished study in people, and at least 100 people who took it. 3 completed trials, 343 people given it.

   175 people1 study

   • This was the trial that settled the question, and carbetocin failed it. 175 people with Prader-Willi syndrome used either a carbetocin nasal spray or a dummy spray, three times a day for 12 weeks. The relentless hunger that defines the condition eased by the same amount in both groups, with the dummy group very...

     Clinical Therapeutics, 2026 · 175 people

8. 08ZiconotidePeptideModerate. At least one finished study in people, and at least 100 people who took it. 2 completed trials, 111 people given it.2 reported

   111 people2 studies

   • Ziconotide clearly relieved severe pain that nothing else was touching. 111 people with cancer or AIDS, aged 24 to 85, got either the drug or a dummy into the fluid around the spinal cord, and nobody involved knew which. Pain scores dropped by about half on the drug and by under a fifth on the dummy. Just over half...

     JAMA, 2004 · 111 people

   • The drug worked for long term pain not caused by cancer, and the dose had to be cut mid trial to make it bearable. 255 hospital inpatients got ziconotide or a dummy into the spinal fluid over six days. Pain fell by about a third on the drug and by a twentieth on the dummy. Partway through, side effects forced the team...

     Neuromodulation, 2006 · number of people not given

9. 09Alpha-2-MacroglobulinBiologicLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 1 completed trial, 75 people given it.6 reported

   75 people1 study1 found nothing

   • found nothingA2M injections helped knees, but no better than the cheaper options they were tested against. 75 people with moderate knee osteoarthritis were split by chance between an A2M-rich concentrate, ordinary platelet-rich plasma, and a steroid injection. Nobody involved knew which. 68 finished. At 12 weeks the A2M group had...

     Bulletin of the Hospital for Joint Diseases, 2024 · 75 people

10. 10MelittinPeptideModerate. At least one finished study in people, and at least 100 people who took it. 5 completed trials, 658 people given it.4 reported

    54 people1 study

    • A small study found less back pain after bee venom acupuncture. Fifty four people with long standing low back pain had six sessions over three weeks, either the real thing or a fake version, on top of a painkiller everyone took. Pain, bother and function all improved more in the venom group at three weeks. Fifty four...

      Toxins, 2017 · 54 people

11. 11MifepristoneSmall moleculeModerate. At least one finished study in people, and at least 100 people who took it. 2 completed trials, 320 people given it.4 reported

    50 people1 study

    • In Cushing's syndrome, where cortisol is the problem, blocking its receptor with mifepristone improved blood sugar, blood pressure and weight over six months. 50 adults took part, and there was no dummy pill group. Tiredness, nausea, headache and low potassium were common. This is the approved use, not a study of...

      The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2012 · 50 people

12. 12CoQ10SupplementModerate. At least one finished study in people, and at least 100 people who took it. 2 completed trials, 162 people given it.4 reported

    42 people1 study

    • CoQ10 cut migraine attacks in a small trial that is not about ageing. 42 people took 100 mg three times a day, or a dummy. By the third month, 47.6 percent on CoQ10 had half as many attacks, against 14.4 percent on the dummy. That is a migraine result in 42 people.

      Neurology, 2005 · 42 people

13. 13BPC-157PeptideLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 3 completed trials, 31 people given it.10 reported

    17 people1 study

    • This is not a trial, and it cannot show the peptide helped anyone. Doctors at one Florida clinic looked back through the records of 17 patients who had been injected in the knee. They phoned 16 of them six to twelve months later and asked how the knee felt. Of the 12 given BPC-157 on its own, 11 said the pain was...

      Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine, 2021 · 17 people

14. 14DSIPPeptideLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 6 completed trials, 7 people given it.8 reported

    7 people1 study

    • Pain fell in six of seven people, and there was nobody to compare them with. Seven patients with migraine, headache, long standing tinnitus or unexplained pain attacks got DSIP into a vein, daily for five days and then every few days. Their pain scores fell against their own earlier readings, and their low mood lifted...

      European Neurology, 1984 · 7 people

15. 15Collagen peptidesSupplementLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 2 completed trials, 69 people given it.4 reported

    number of people not given1 study1 found nothing

    • found nothingCollagen did not beat a dummy for knee pain in a study nobody selling collagen paid for. Both groups got better, by roughly 1.6 to 1.9 points on the pain scale. That is a bigger improvement than the gap industry funded trials credit to collagen itself. Read that carefully. People improved, and collagen was not the...

      Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 2020 · number of people not given

16. 16SS-20PeptideAnimal or lab only. Only animal or lab studies on this page. No study in people yet. 4 animal studies, 1 lab study, no human study.6 reported

    number of people not given0 studies

    • In mice. Mice on a weekly cancer drug got nerve pain and lost tiny nerve fibres in their paws. A steady supply of SS-20 prevented the pain and kept the nerve fibres normal. It was given to prevent the damage, not to treat it. The authors declare a money interest, and nobody has followed this up in people.

      ACS Chemical Neuroscience, 2018 · number of people not given

17. 17Thymosin Alpha-1PeptideStrong. At least two finished studies in people, and at least 1,000 people who took it. 2 completed trials, 1,204 people given it.7 reported

    number of people not given0 studies
18. 18MOTS-cPeptideLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 1 completed trial, 30 people given it.6 reported

    number of people not given0 studies
19. 19HumaninPeptideLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 1 completed trial, 30 people given it.6 reported

    number of people not given0 studies
20. 20Thymosin Beta-4PeptideStrong. At least two finished studies in people, and at least 1,000 people who took it. 5 completed trials, 1,382 people given it.9 reported

    number of people not given0 studies
21. 21NoopeptSmall moleculeLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 1 completed trial, none stating how many people.5 reported

    number of people not given0 studies
22. 22NattokinaseBiologicStrong. At least two finished studies in people, and at least 1,000 people who took it. 9 completed trials, 1,795 people given it.6 reported

    number of people not given0 studies
23. 23LamivudineSmall moleculeLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 1 completed trial, none stating how many people.3 reported

    number of people not given0 studies
24. 24ClenbuterolSmall moleculeLimited. People have taken it in a published study, but fewer than 100 of them. 2 completed trials, 11 people given it.5 reported

    number of people not given0 studies